Environmental Law & Governance

Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) is a crucial tool for balancing development with environmental sustainability. It evaluates the potential environmental, social, and economic consequences of proposed projects before granting approvals. In India, EIA was introduced in 1978 for river valley projects and later made mandatory under the Environment Protection Act, 1986. Despite its importance, implementation of … Read more

South Asia, home to nearly a quarter of the world’s population, faces enormous environmental challenges such as air and water pollution, deforestation, biodiversity loss, and climate vulnerability. To address these concerns, countries in the region have enacted a range of environmental legislations, influenced by their socio-economic priorities, political systems, and international obligations. While similarities exist … Read more

Environmental governance in India has evolved rapidly over the past decades, with growing recognition of the need for specialized institutions to address environmental disputes. The National Green Tribunal (NGT), established in 2010 under the National Green Tribunal Act, has emerged as a unique judicial body dedicated solely to environmental matters. It was designed to provide … Read more

Environmental law in India has undergone a remarkable transformation over the decades, evolving from scattered regulations during colonial times to a comprehensive legal framework addressing pressing concerns of pollution, conservation, and sustainable development. The journey reflects changing priorities—initially focused on revenue and resource control, and later expanding into protection of air, water, forests, biodiversity, and … Read more